Key Ideas: -From the Tuscany area of Northern Italy before the Romans. -Once the Romans gained significant power, the Etruscans were assimilated into the Roman Empire and eventually given Roman citizenship. -Influenced by the Archaic time period of the Greeks but avoid nudity. -What we know of the Etruscans is from their tombs (tumuli) which are part of larger necropoli. -Tumuli are round structures with a door leading to an interior that is brightly painted to reflect a domestic space. -Death is focused on the celebration of life. -Literary tradition is mostly lost. -Vitruvius, an ancient historian wrote about the Etruscans' history. -Temples are built of mud brick and stone, unlike the Greeks. Sculptures are created out of terra-cotta, stucco, and bronze.
Major Differences of Greek and Etruscan Temples: Greek: •stone, marble •stylobate •fluting, no base on Doric, surrounded structure •stone-gable roof •one cella, house deity •pedimental sculptures, caryatids, metopes •house statues of Gods for worship, sculptural mass – perfect harmony, unified Etruscan •wood, mudbrick •podium with staircase leading to entrance •widely spread, in the front to distinguish front and back and created porch •roof statues on raking cornice, narrative •3 cellas for Tunia, Uni, Menrva •shelters the gods, about the structure
Index Card Images:
Index Card List: Temple of Minerva Tomb of the Triclinium (Tomb of the Leopards) Sarcophagus of the Spouses Apollo from Veii Capitoline Wolf The Orator Vocabulary Necropolis Stucco Terracotta Triclinium Tufa Tumulus (pl. tumuli) Tuscan Order